Women with pregnancy complications may be able to lower future cardiovascular risk

Women with a history of pregnancy complications are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, 但它们可以大大降低这种风险, 新的研究表明.

有健康的生活方式和控制血压, 胆固醇 and blood glucose levels after giving birth significantly lowered their risk 预防未来的心血管疾病 to rates on par with women who didn't have pregnancy complications, 研究发现. The findings, which were presented Thursday at the 美国心脏协会's Epidemiology, Prevention, 生活方式和心脏代谢健康会议, are considered preliminary until full results are published in a peer-reviewed journal.

"Previous studies have shown that women with a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes tend to have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease later in life,首席研究员Dr. 弗兰克·钱在线上电子游戏飞禽走兽发布会上说. Qian is a cardiovascular medicine fellow at Boston Medical Center and a clinical instructor at Boston University's Chobanian & 阿维德医学院. "However, it is unknown how much of this increased cardiovascular disease risk can be potentially modified by healthy lifestyle behaviors."

根据2021年 AHA report, many adverse pregnancy outcomes are linked to future cardiovascular disease risk factors, 包括高血压, 也被称为高血压, 2型糖尿病和高胆固醇. 在新的研究中, 不良妊娠结局包括胎盘早剥, 妊娠期糖尿病, 小于胎龄的尺寸, 早产和妊娠期高血压疾病, 定义为子痫前期或妊娠期高血压.

钱先生和他的同事分析了2000年的数据,263 women in the UK Biobank database with a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes and 107,260名女性无并发症史, 所有这些人在研究开始时都没有心血管疾病. The researchers measured each woman's cardiovascular health using eight key metrics from the AHA, 被称为生活的必需品. 其中包括健康饮食, 保持身体活动, 不吸烟, 保证充足的睡眠, 控制体重, 胆固醇, 血压和血糖水平. Scores ranged from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better cardiovascular health.

平均超过13.5年随访, women with better cardiovascular health measures after giving birth (scores higher than 76) had a 57% lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease than women with poorer cardiovascular health measures (those who scored below 67).

Women who had complicated pregnancies and poor cardiovascular health measures after giving birth had a 148% higher risk 预防未来的心血管疾病 than women with better heart health measures who did not have pregnancy complications. 即使她们没有妊娠并发症史, women with low and intermediate cardiovascular health scores were at 81% and 25% higher risk, 分别, 预防未来的心血管疾病.

But maintaining good heart health measures after giving birth was so beneficial, 它为那些有不良妊娠结果的妇女提供了公平的条件. Those who achieved high cardiovascular health scores after pregnancy were at similar risk for cardiovascular disease as those with good heart health measures and no history of pregnancy complications.

"These findings are important for clinical practice as well as designing public health interventions and policies,钱说. "We need to identify high-risk women and focus on ensuring they have access to lifestyle (changes) or treatment to reduce their long-term risk of cardiovascular disease."

The findings are important because they suggest a group of women considered at high risk for cardiovascular issues can potentially prevent them, 心脏病专家博士说. 病人戈德堡, 纽约大学格罗斯曼医学院的临床医学副教授, 在线上电子游戏飞禽走兽发布会上. 戈德堡没有参与这项新研究.

"We need to encourage health care professionals to integrate Life's Essential 8 into clinical practice to improve heart health in women with and without pregnancy-related disorders," she said. 因为研究中94%的女性是白人, Goldberg pointed out the need to explore whether the findings would hold true for women from other races and ethnicities.